基数词主要用于描述事物数量的多少或人物的个数,而序数词主要用于表示顺序先后。在英语中表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,例如:one-third(三分之一)/ three-fourths(四分之三)/ three and thirty-sevenths(三十七分之三);此外,描述出生的日期,也会用到序数词。比如:May-first(5月1日)。
100以内的基数词
100以内的基数词根据结构可以分为四种:
- 1,不规则型,需要死记硬背,这一类共计十二个单词,即从一到十二;
- 2,后缀为“teen”的类型,这一类单词从十三到十九一共七个;
- 3,二十到九十之间的整十数字都属于这一类,它们有个共同的特征,都以字母“ty”结尾;
- 4,第四类数量最多,可以视为一种合成词,其结构是用十位整数加上个位整数,中间用“-”连接,如:twenty-one。
100以内的序数词
100以内的序数词根据结构也可以分为四种:
- 1,第一第二第三都属于不规则型;
- 2,第四~第十九:普遍尾部加th,特别注意fifth、eighth、ninth、twelfth的拼写;
- 3,第二十~第九十之间的十位整数,尾部的y变为i,然后增加eth;
- 4,其他表示第几十几的序数词,采用十位数上基数词,个位数上序数词的形式。
Cardinal Numbers | Ordinal Numbers | ||
---|---|---|---|
1 | one | 1st | first |
2 | two | 2nd | second |
3 | three | 3rd | third |
4 | four | 4th | fourth |
5 | five | 5th | fifth |
6 | six | 6th | sixth |
7 | seven | 7th | seventh |
8 | eight | 8th | eighth |
9 | nine | 9th | ninth |
10 | ten | 10th | tenth |
11 | eleven | 11th | eleventh |
12 | twelve | 12th | twelfth |
13 | thirteen | 13th | thirteenth |
14 | fourteen | 14th | fourteenth |
15 | fifteen | 15th | fifteenth |
16 | sixteen | 16th | sixteenth |
17 | seventeen | 17th | seventeenth |
18 | eighteen | 18th | eighteenth |
19 | nineteen | 19th | nineteenth |
20 | twenty | 20th | twentieth |
30 | thirty | 30th | thirtieth |
40 | forty | 40th | fortieth |
50 | fifty | 50th | fiftieth |
60 | sixty | 60th | sixtieth |
70 | seventy | 70th | seventieth |
80 | eighty | 80th | eightieth |
90 | ninety | 90th | ninetieth |
100 | one hundred | 100th | one hundredth |